Inhibitory compound of the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against the fungus Aspergillus flavus L.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33885/sf.2007.3.989Keywords:
Biological control, Pseudomonas, Aspergillus, antagonistic, antagonismAbstract
Maize silks, bracts and rhizosphere soil, were sampled from Mexico: Cocotitlan
and Tezoyucan (State of Mexico), and from El Bajio (State of Guanajuato). A dilution plate
method was used to obtain 3425 antagonistic bacteria isolates, and their activity was tested.
Isolates from maize silks and bracts had no activity against Aspergillus flavus. Five rhizosphere
isolates Co-47,Co-81, Tez-118, Tez-226 and Ba-72 with antagonistic activity against this
fungus were identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens by morphological and biochemical tests.
A total inhibitory effect on conidia and sclerotia from A. flavus was observed with isolate Co-
47 with an incubation period of 72 hours on PDA medium, with fungal inoculation
afterwards; after this time period there were no changes in the bacterial antagonistic activity.
At greenhouse and field, isolates Co-47 and Co-81 showed a protective effect against A.
flavus infection. Siderophores are the active component of isolates Co-47, Co-81 and Tez-
118 but not of Tez-226. The active component of isolate Co-47 was a protein with
thermolabile properties. Bacteria isolated from maize soil rhizosphere are considered
saprophytic and potentially antagonistic to control A. flavus.
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