Moniliformin, a Fusarium mycotoxin
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33885/sf.2004.3.931Keywords:
moniliformin, Fusarium, maizeAbstract
Moniliformin (MON), mycotoxin produced mainly by Fusarium proliferatum and F.
subglutinans, is a natural contaminant of maize and other cereals with levels up to 530 mg/kg.
MON is a potent cardiotoxic and immunosuppressive compound, but it does not appear to
be carcinogenic With the exception of fish, MON causes heart failure and acute death at
high doses (110-200 mg MON/kg diet in birds and barrows) to many animal species. It has
been suggested that MON is involved in a cardiopathy known as Keshan disease occurring in
China where maize contaminated with molds and MON is consumed. Nixtamalization
reduces MON content up to 70%, in spite of that it has been detected in commercial maize
tortillas No regulations exist for this mycotoxin but the presence of MON in food, its cooccurrence
with aflatoxins, fumonisins, ochratoxins, trichothecenes, zearalenone, and its
toxicological additive effects with some mycotoxins, show that regulartory bodies might
increase surveillance on this area For that reason, further studies on toxicity and the level of
exposure to this mycotoxin will be required
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