Production of hydrolytic enzymes and antagonist activity of Trichoderma asperellum on two strains of Fusarium Isolated from tomato crop (Solanum lycopersicum)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33885/sf.2015.3.1142Keywords:
phytopathogenic fungi, biological control, in vitro, antagonism, glucanases, chitinasesAbstract
The soil fungi genera Trichoderma presents global distribution. There are different biological strategies associated to its high rate of
survival on different environments. To control phytopathogenic fungi the most featured strategies are the antagonistic and the production
of cell wall degrading enzymes. The aim of this work was to determine the antagonism capacity of the strain T109 of T. asperellum
against two native isolates of Fusarium sp. (M2Root, M3Stem) and to evaluate the effect of different carbon sources (starch, cell wall
of Rhizoctonia solani -PCRS-, colloidal chitin and laminarin) on the production of glucanases and chitinases. Trichoderma asperellum
T109 showed good antagonistic activity against both phytopathogen isolates, shown a reduction in growth mycelial of 60% and 40%
for M2Root and M3Stem, respectively. Both lytic enzymes were detectated on all evaluated carbon sources. The glucanase activity was
higher on the substrate added with PCRS. Chitinase activity was not significantly different in all substrates evaluated. These results confirm
the antagonist activity in vitro of T. asperellum T109 against phytopathogens presents on tomato crop, and it was determined that
T109 strain is a good producer of glucanases especially in minimum media added with PCRS.
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