Antagonistic properties of micromycetes isolated from sinkholes of the Yucatan Peninsula against fungal phytopathogens
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33885/sf.2014.3.1129Keywords:
antagonist, Hypocrea lixii, micromycetes, Pestalotiopsis mangiferae, sinkhole, Rhizoctonia solaniAbstract
In the search for natural alternatives to control fungal diseases, antagonistic fungi are
valuable sources to find new models. In the present study, a total of 41 tropical micromycetes were
isolated from plant debris submerged in sinkholes of the Yucat\n Peninsula. All strains were tested in
antagonist assays against four phytopathogenic fungi (Co/letotrichum gloeosporioides,
Corynespora cassiicola, CutvUiaria sp. and Fusarium sp.). Results of the antagonistic assays showed
mycelial growth inhibition (MCI il:50 ';II'.) by 17 isolates (41 ';II'.) against at least one of the targets tested.
The highest inhibition was exhibited by the Hypocrea lixii OSN-37 (MGI = 61 - 77';11'.) and
Rhizoctonia so/ani OSE-73 (MGI = 55 - 64';11'.) strains against all targets while Pesta/otiopsis
mangiferae OH-02 (51 - 59';11'.) caused inhibition on three of four pathogen strains. These three
strains were cultured in fermented rice to obtain their ethyl acetate and methanol extracts which
were tested against C sJoeosporioides using the microdilution assay. Results showed H. lixii OSN-
37and R. so/ani OSE-73 to be producers of antifungal metabolites as one of their modes of action. In
conclusion, three promising antagonistic native strains were isolated from plant debris submerged in
the Yucatan sinkholes, representing a valuable contribution to the development of ecofriendly
alternatives to control fungal diseases in agriculture crops of the tropical regions.
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